IMPORTANCE: Medications that influence the risk of dementia in the elderly can be relevant for dementia prevention. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases but have also been shown to be potentially involved in cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between the use of PPIs and the risk… Read more »
Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease
IMPORTANCE: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly used drugs worldwide and have been linked to acute interstitial nephritis. Less is known about the association between PPI use and chronic kidney disease (CKD). OBJECTIVE: To quantify the association between PPI use and incident CKD in a population-based cohort. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In… Read more »
Use of acid-suppressive drugs and risk of pneumonia: systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Observational studies and randomized controlled trials have yielded inconsistent findings about the association between the use of acid-suppressive drugs and the risk of pneumonia. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize this association. METHODS: We searched three electronic databases (MEDLINE [PubMed], Embase and the Cochrane Library) from inception to Aug. 28, 2009.… Read more »
Increased Incidence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth During Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can cause diarrhea, enteric infections, and alter the gastrointestinal bacterial population by suppressing the gastric acid barrier. Among patients that received long term PPI treatment, we evaluated the incidence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO; assessed by glucose hydrogen breath test [GHBT]), the risk factors for development of… Read more »
A population-based study of the drug interaction between proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel
BACKGROUND: Most proton pump inhibitors inhibit the bioactivation of clopidogrel to its active metabolite. The clinical significance of this drug interaction is unknown. METHODS: We conducted a population-based nested case-control study among patients aged 66 years or older who commenced clopidogrel between Apr. 1, 2002, and Dec. 31, 2007, following hospital discharge after treatment of… Read more »
Risk of Adverse Outcomes Associated with Concomitant Use of Clopidogrel and Proton Pump Inhibitors Following Acute Coronary Syndrome
CONTEXT: Prior mechanistic studies reported that omeprazole decreases the platelet inhibitory effects of clopidogrel, yet the clinical significance of these findings is not clear. OBJECTIVE: To assess outcomes of patients taking clopidogrel with or without a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) after hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Retrospective cohort study of… Read more »
Use of proton pump inhibitors and risk of osteoporosis-related fractures
BACKGROUND: The use of proton pump inhibitors has been associated with an increased risk of hip fracture. We sought to further explore the relation between duration of exposure to proton pump inhibitors and osteoporosis-related fractures. METHODS: We used administrative claims data to identify patients with a fracture of the hip, vertebra or wrist between April… Read more »
Severe hypomagnesaemia in long-term users of proton-pump inhibitors
OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism underlying severe hypomagnesaemia in long-term users of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs). PATIENTS: Two cases of severe hypomagnesaemia in adult long-term users of the PPI omeprazole, presenting with hypocalcaemic seizures. MEASUREMENTS: We studied renal magnesium handling during an incremental intravenous magnesium infusion, and assessed total body magnesium status by the 24-h retention… Read more »
Do Acid-Lowering Agents Affect Vitamin B12 Status in Older Adults?
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between serum vitamin B12 levels in older adults on histamine(2) receptor antagonists (H2 blockers) or proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) over 6 years. Participants: A cross-sectional sample of 659 adults, 60 to 102 years, from long-term care facilities and community ambulatory care (C) in the Bronx. MEASUREMENTS: Patient demographics, serum B12 levels,… Read more »
Use of acid-suppressing drugs and the risk of bacterial gastroenteritis
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Gastric acid is a defense mechanism against gastrointestinal infections caused by ingested bacteria. Studies have suggested that the use of acid-suppressing drugs may increase the risk of gastroenteritis (GE). METHODS: Patients aged 20-74 years with an episode of acute bacterial GE (n = 6414) were identified. A control group from the same… Read more »